Vision is the most important and prioritized sense that we have. We are constantly looking at the world around us, and quickly we identify and make sense of what it is that we see.
视觉是我们所有感觉中最重要和最优先的。我们在不停地注视着周围的一切，并且快速的识别和分析我们所看到的事物。
Let's just start with an example of that very fact. I'm going to show you a photograph of a person, just for a second or two, and I'd like for you to identify what emotion is on his face. Ready? Here you go. Go with your gut reaction. Okay. What did you see? Well, we actually surveyed over 120 individuals, and the results were mixed. People did not agree on what emotion they saw on his face. Maybe you saw discomfort. That was the most frequent response that we received. But if you asked the person on your left, they might have said regret or skepticism, and if you asked somebody on your right, they might have said something entirely different, like hope or empathy. So we are all looking at the very same face again. We might see something entirely different, because perception is subjective. What we think we see is actually filtered through our own mind's eye.
让我先举一个例子来说明这个事实。我会让你们花几秒钟时间来观看一个人的照片，并且请你们辨别出这个人的表情所代表的情绪。准备好了吗？就是这张，跟随你们的第一感觉，好了，你们看到了什么？事实上我们调查了一百二十多个人，而调查结果很复杂。人们在所看到的情绪上面并没有达成共识。可能你看到了不安，这是我们收到的最常见的回答。但是如果你问问你左边的人，他们也许会说是遗憾或者怀疑。如果问的是右边的人，他们的回答可能又完全不同，比如说希望或者同情。那么我们现在再回到这张照片。我们可能会看到完全不同的东西。因为感觉是主观的，我们认为自己所看到的东西事实上是经过我们思维的视角过滤过的。
So our bodies can change how far away that finish line looks, but people who had committed to a manageable goal that they could accomplish in the near future and who believed that they were capable of meeting that goal actually saw the exercise as easier. That led us to wonder, is there a strategy that we could use and teach people that would help change their perceptions of the distance, help them make exercise look easier?
也就是说我们的身体，可以改变终点看起来的距离，而那些有着明确的、可以在短时间内达到的目标的人，和那些相信自己有能力达到目标的人，会认为这种锻炼更加轻松。这使我们想到，我们可否可以借助某种方法来帮助人们，改变他们对距离的估测，使锻炼看起来容易一些呢？
So next, we told our participants, you are going to walk to the finish line while wearing extra weight. We added weights to their ankles that amounted to 15 percent of their body weight. We told them to lift their knees up high and walk to the finish line quickly. We designed this exercise in particular to be moderately challenging but not impossible, like most exercises that actually improve our fitness.
所以下一步，我们告诉参与者，你们将在负重的情况下走向终点线。我们在脚踝那里给他们加重，重量是他们体重的15%，我们告诉他们把膝盖抬高，然后快速走到终点线。我们特意设计了这个运动，让它具有一定挑战性，但不至于无法完成。就像大多数运动一样，可以提升我们的体型。
We were so excited by this, because this meant that a strategy that costs nothing, that is easy for people to use, regardless of whether they're in shape or struggling to get there, had a big effect. Keeping your eyes on the prize made the exercise look and feel easier even when people were working harder because they were moving faster. Now, I know there's more to good health than walking a little bit faster, but keeping your eyes on the prize might be one additional strategy that you can use to help promote a healthy lifestyle.
我们对此感到很激动。因为这意味着，一个无需成本的方法，简单易行，对那些不管是已经体型良好的人，或朝那个方向努力的人来说，都有极大的效果。专注于奖赏，可以让做运动看起来和感觉上更容易。由于敏捷性更高了，所以对那些更加努力的人也同样适用。我知道健康的概念不仅仅是走得快一些。但聚焦于奖赏或许可以是一个额外的技巧，你可以用它来实现一种更健康的生活方式。
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